그럼 체코는 언제부터 하키를 했죠? 우리나라도 해방전에 하키를 했던것 같은데.... 어떻게 아냐고요? 아버님이 80이 넘으셨는데 하키선수 출신이시거든요.

러시아 이야기 나와서 말인데, 옛날에 첨 하키 시작할때 카이스트 잉카브릭스 하키팀동생이 러시아어 수업때 러시아 교수랑 시간내내 하키 이야기만 했다고 하더라구요 ㅋㅋ 지금은 이제 박사과정이네요 ㅋ

위키 사전 보니.. 1900년 초에 시작했고...엉터리로 30년대 부터 국제무대에서 나섯다고 합니다.
그리고.. 세계 대회 우승한 다음해엔 출전도 못하고...비밀경찰에 잡혀서 3-15년 옥고를 치를 사람들도 있다고 합니다. 망명내지.. 개인적인 일로.. 모함을 당했을지도...

체코인들이 하는 말이 틀리지 않겠지만..그렇다고 정확하다고 볼 수 없을 것 같습니다...궁금하기도해서 러시아 하키역사에대해서 이곳저곳 찾아보니 러시아가 체코에 하키를 배워갔다는 말은 조금 과장된 듯한 면이 있는듯해서 대강의 글을 올려봅니다..

러시아는 아이스하키를 도입하기전, 축구장 같은 빙상필드에서 경기하는 하키와 비슷한 밴디(Bandy:11명이서 하며 러시아 하키라고도 불림)가 대중스포츠로 인기가 있었는데...윗글에서 러시아가 공을 가지고 하키를 했다는 것은 러시아의 밴디를 의미하는 듯 합니다...

러시아는 2차대전 반발전에 발트해 국가들에게 하키를 습득했는데..이때 밴디와 축구 선수들을 하키로 영입하면서 밴디에서의 스케이팅,스틱핸들링,슛팅,패싱등을 도입하여 '러시아식 하키'를 구축하게 되었다고 합니다....
(캐나다식 하키는 일반적으로 슈팅 후 어택이죠..^^;)

러시아하키 발전에서빠질 수 없는 한 사람이 있는데..바로 '러시아 하키의 아버지'라고 불리는 Anatoli Tarasov... (" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoli_Tarasov ")그는 하키에 대한 열정과 관심으로 러시아하키에 많은 영향을 끼치기 시작했으며, 러시아하키를 도약시킨 장본인이기도 합니다..."빠르게,우아하게,동료와 함께, 애국적으로"를 철학으로 팀웍 하키를 강조한 그는 구 소련의 하키를 완성시켰으며, 구소련의 전설적인 골리이자 현 러시아하키회장?인 Tretiak을 만들었고, 또한 하키선수들에게 혹독한 체력훈련을 통한 강인한체력을 위한 트레이닝으로도 유명했다고 합니다. 후에 "미라클"로 유명한 미국의 감독 Herbert Brooks나 피츠버그와 디트로이트의 명코치 Scotty Bowman가 Tarasov의 영향을 받아 훈련이 혹독했다고 합니다.
(그의 딸이 Tatiana Tarasova인데.. 아사다 마오를 훈련시킨 금발의 러시아 피겨코치..도 아버지의 영향을 받아 훈련이 혹독했다고 하네요. )

2차대전 후, 1948년에는 유럽하키클럽의 명문중 하나였던 체코의 LTC Prague가 모스코바를 방문해서 당시 소련과 경기를 가졌었는데...이때의 기억을 체코 어르신분들이 이야기하는 것이 아닌가 싶은 생각이 드네요..
그리고 그해 체코의 아이스하키가 올림픽에서 은메달을 차지하자 스탈린이 밴디보다는 아이스하키가 국제적으로 더 영향력을 행사할 것으로 생각하고 발전시켰다는군요..그 중심에 위에서 언급한 Tarasov가 있었구요,...
이후 Tarasov는 캐나다에 가서 하키를 배우고, 러시아에 적용시켰다고 합니다.

러시아의 하키가 단지 체코의 하키를 배워서 오늘날의 러시아하키가 된것이 아니라고 말하고 싶었습니다..
Tarasov가 있었다는 것이죠..
(자세한 글은 위에 링크한 위키백과를 보시길 ^^;;)

내모라미 님.... 중동고등학교가 일제 앞잡이라는 말로 몰아가시고 싶으신가 본데.... 그때 신가드가 없어서 대나무을 실로 엮어서 했고 스케이트가 없어서 칼날이나 일본애들 사용하던 스케이트 물려 받아서 했다는 말씀은 왜 안하시죠? 그리고 무장바지도 쓰레기장에 있는 솜을 촘촘히 넣어서 하고 퍽이 없어서 나무를 깎아서 만든 퍽을 사용하려다 안되서 아교 입혀서 하던가.....
왜곡을 하시려면 사실을 좀 알고 하시던가요.

중동 창단 멤버셨는데 중동은 100년넘은 역사를 자랑합니다. 중동에서 일본넘들

하여간 현대 하키를 도입을 체코로부터 했다는게 맞겠죠.

아직도 러시아는 체코하키를 배웁니다.
왜냐면 모스크바 스파르타 팀 감독이 체코 사람입니다.

아직도 도미닉 하섹 선수도 같이 그곳에서 선수생활을 합니다
하섹선수 작년에 갔을때 기자가 러시아어로 질문했다가 러시아어 못한다고 하니 사과 하면서 영어를 했다는 군요.
일제시대처럼 모두가 러시아를 배운 시절이 있어서 체코사람들 짜증을 많이 냅니다.

체코와 슬로바키아는 국수주의적이 나라입니다.
아주 배타적인 사람들입니다.ㅎㅎㅎㅎ
어쩜 무장을 둘러쓰고 하는 운동을 좋아하는 이유가 국민성과도 연관이 있는건지..
궤변을 한번 해봅니다.ㅎㅎㅎ

죄송한 말씀이지만... 하섹은 문어발이라는 별명을 갖고 있습니다. 이젠 프로에선 안통하죠... 러시아에선 통해도..... 캐나다 훈련이 골리들에겐 대세입니다.

제가 계속 여러분 기분을 언잖게하는 것 같아 죄송합니다만....모스크바 스파르타 팀 감독이 체코 사람이기 때문에 러시아가 여전히 체코하키를 배우고 있다는 것이
납득이 잘 안갑니다..^^;; 체코나 러시아 하키관련 역사서적을 접해보면 확실히 알게되겠지만, 그렇지못해 인터넷으로만 접해서 제가 부정확할 수도 있겠습니다...

하여튼 러시아하키는 체코에서만 배워온 것이 아니라는 것입니다...위에 쓴것처럼 발트해 연안국가들 (Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Sweden등)에게 도입했고, 당시 말씀하신 소련군 레드아미에서 하키팀을 만들어 체코등과 경기를 했다고합니다..

그리고 스파르타 감독은 러시아인이 아니라 라트비아 인이라네요

혹시 정확한 러시아하키역사를 알고 싶어하실 것 같아 제가 찾은 정보 일부만 복사해서 올리겠습니다..


The Dawn of Russian hockey
But it took many years to get to there. In the pre-revolution period, Russia did join the newly established international ice hockey federation (LIGH), but since the Canadian version of hockey ('kanadskij hokkej' or 'hokkej s sjsjboi'/hockey with a puck as ice hockey was called) failed to attract new clubs and players, the Russian hockey union withdrew its membership.

In 1932, ice hockey players from the German Labour Sport Union visited Moscow to demonstrate the game. Several of the German players played for the German national team that took bronze in Lake Placid. Their opponents were represented by bandy players from CSKA Moscow. The bandy players swept the three-game series, but the event largely received a frosty reception in the Soviet media. One newspaper (Spartak in Leningrad), however, noted that because ice hockey required less space, it was easier to prepare the field for the game on ice. At that time, ploughing snow and lightning were real problems that helped ice hockey to gain popularity.

In 1933, there as an attempt to organize a Russian championship, but still there too few players and clubs, and in particular lack of equipment to implement the idea. But the interest was certainly there. Five years later, in 1938, the first hockey rink was built in the eastern section of Dynamo's stadium in Moscow. In 1939, ice hockey was introduced at the institute of Physical Culture of Sport which allowed student to play the game as a part of their curriculum. Anatoli Tarasov were among those students.

After the war, Tarasov (who was a member of the red army's club, CSKA) joined forces with other bandy and football players from the Moscow clubs--Dynamo, Spartak and Krylia)--to promote the game. In late 1946, the Institute of Physical Culture and Sport gave the green light to arrange the first Soviet hockey championship. The games started on 22 December 1946 and concluded 24 January 1947 with Dynamo as champion on better goal difference than CSKA. Dynamo Moscow was coached by Arkady Chernyshev who also scored the first historical goal in the tournament as a player.


A major landmark was reached in March 1948 when LTC Prague -- the best European hockey club -- visited Moscow to play a series of games against an all-star Soviet team, centered around CSKA players. Babitch, Bobrov and Tarasov form the first line of the Soviet team. The event was a huge success. Each game attracted a crowd of nearly 30,000, and the Soviet team won the first game (6:3), lost the second (5:3) and tie the third game.

Since many of the Czechoslovakian players played for the national team which took Olympic Silver in St. Moritz, Stalin felt more confident that the Soviet Union could compete in the new sport. What raised the stakes was the Cold War which started at the same time. The Cold War made Stalin more interested in using sports to promote the Communist ideology. The Russians were certainly better bandy players than hockey players, but bandy was virtually a non-existing international sport. In ice hockey, the world championship had become an annual event and it was even an olympic sport. Thus, promoting hockey was endorsed from the highest political level.

The ultimate objective was to overthrow the dominance of the greatest hockey power of the world: Canada. Being 2nd or 3rd in the world was not an option. For this reason, the Soviet Union was not allowed to enter the international hockey scene before the Kremlin leadership felt confident that USSR could beat the best teams in the world.

As the coach (and player) for the most influential and powerful club, CSKA (or CDKA as it was called) Moscow, Tarasov played an instrumental role in developing Russia's unique hockey style. Initially, he wanted to go to Canada to study the game, but he was asked by his mentor Mikhail Tavarovsky (from the Institute of Physical Culture) to stay at home: "Theres nothing for you in Canada", Tavarovsky said. "Devise your own style".

When building his hockey programme, Tarasov thus decided to exploit the Russians's skills in bandy to give the Soviet teams an advantage: incredibly fast skating and crisp sharp passing and shooting. One of his biggest ideas was to reverse the Canadian principle of attacking after shooting. "Don't shoot unless you're certain to score", Tarasov instructed his players. Thus, the attacks should take place before shooting, and his players should be reach this position by outmaneuvering their opponents by their speed and superior passes.
As mentioned, the Russian hockey style, unlike the Canadian, relied little on physical contact. But Tarasov emphasised the fitness and physical strength of his players. In order to gain superiority, the players had to endure more in order to dominate the game and withstand the physical pressure from their opponents. Above all, the key to success in Tarasov's mind was practise, practise, practise...For this reason, he would often take his player on ice two or three time, so that in the end they players would be able to play the game as a team blindfolded. One of Tarasov's greatest achievements was to built lines where the players would interact seemlessly and perform purely on instinct. Moreover, he taught his players to perform on instinct. Another was his willingness to constantly making unusual experiments. This enabled him to shuffle lines and alter tactics giving the Soviet teams an advantage over their opponents.

When they were not practising, Tarasov told his players to run up and down stairs or throw logs for hours so that they could gain physical strength. He did not tolerate weakness and he usually asked his players to carry on even if they had the flu. During one world championship,Tarasov did not allow his biggest star, Anatoli Firsov to take a day or two off because Firsov's had fever above 41 degrees celcius.

For those who had the talent and could endure his tough practise regime, playing for Tarasov hold the promise of becoming one of the world's greatest hockey stars. Among others, Vsevolod Bobrov, Anatoli Firsov, Valeri Kharlamov and Vyacheslav Tretiak reached that goal.

Another price to be paid was totally obedience. Tarasov was the tsar, and he did not tolerate individualism. In his collectivist approach, Tarasov completely denounced Canadian hockey's emphasis on superstars. According to him, egoism on ice was the gravest of all sins. With his explosive temper, he immediately dealt with even the slighest hint of self-importance.

One the other hand, Tarasov gained respects for his achievements, his complete devotion to hockey, and the fact that he never spared himself. He was always at arms-length with his players, participating in their practises, even when they took place in the freezingly cold and windy Russian winter nights.

Many of Tarasov's principles were a great source for inspiration for coaches in other hockey countries, including Canada -- coaches like Herbert Brooks and Scotty Bowman. For this reason, Tarasov must be considered as one of the greatest builders, even not the greatest of all time. Having said that, it must be noted that he would not have succeeded without his charisma and the particular political circumstances in the Soviet Union.

Tarasov's project suffered from a temporary setback in the early 1950's when some of USSR's best players, including Bobrov and Babitch, left CSKA to play for VVS (another army club). The VVS won the championship for three consecutive years between 1951 and 1953. VVS was managed by Vasily Stalin -- that's right, Josef Stalin's son -- and this indicates how much importance Stalin attached to ice hockey. As a sidenote, Viktor Tikhonov, the later USSR coach, was also a member of the VVS squad. When Stalin died, VVS however folded and merged with CSKA. The process was back on track.

Meanwhile, the USSR started to test its strength in unofficial games verses club teams from Sweden, Finland, Czechoslovakia and Poland. In autumn 1952, the team went on to play unofficial friendlies against its dearest allied, the DDR. In November 1952, the USSR played two test games in East Berlin and beat the hosting nation 13:1 and 4:1. In February 1953, the Soviet team swept the youth olympics on an unbeaten record, and the stage was finally set for the team's official international appearance: the world championships in Switzerland in March 1953.

Unfortunately, the USSR's best player, Vsevolod Bobrov got injured. The Russian hockey federation did not risk taking any chances, and the team was recalled to Moscow. Tarasov, believing more on the collective than the individual, regretted this decision since he was confident that USSR could win the world championship. No player was bigger than the team, not even Bobrov. Besides, Tarasov had not forgotten Bobrov's defection to VVS in 1950.

Thus, USSR's appearance in the world championships was postponed to 1954. In the run up to the championships which took place in Stockholm, USSR played a series of eight official test games. The results were impressive: In the first game on 29 Jan 1954 (USSR's first official game) Finland was beaten 8:1 in Tampere. USSR's first forward line composed of Bobrov (3) -Shuvalov (1) - Babich (2) accounted for six of the goals. Sweden, a much stronger hockey nation, was the next victim two days later in Helsinki. Result: 8-2. Again the first forward line led the team by scoring 5 goals. The USSR then pounded DDR twice 14:1 in Moscow before suffering its first defeat (3:5) to Czechoslovakia on 12 February. Two days later, USSR rebounded by shutting the Czechs out in a 2:0 victory. About a week before the IHWC, USSR demolished Switerland 13:1. Within 3 weeks, the team had beaten the four biggest hockey nations in Europe - in three of the four cases convincingly!

But before eyeing the gold medals, the USSR should not only repeat these victories at the world championships but also take the greatest scalp of all: Team Canada. USSR's head coach, Arkady Chernyshev considered this to be the team's ultimate objective in the tournament.

Fortunately, the USSR did not face the strongest Canadian team at the time. Such a team did not exist since professionals were not allowed in the world championships. In the world championships, Canada was typically represented by its best amateur club, the winners of the Allan Cup.

This was not the case in 1954. In 1953, Canada had boycotted the world championships in a protest against IIHF and the European hockey nations. As the president of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association, W.B. George told the press after the decision was made: "Every year we spend $10,000 to send a Canadian hockey team to Europe to play 40 games (incl. the world championships). All these games are played to packed houses that only enrich European hockey coffers. In return we are subjected to constant, unneccessary abuse over our Canadian style of hockey". (during the Oslo Olympics in 1952, the Canadian team was heavily criticized for behaving like wild animals).

When Canada returned in 1954, it was therefore a lesser team that represented the country, namely the East York Lyndhurst, the senior B amateur champion. This team was still good enough to outscore their opponents easily in the world championships. Finland was beaten 20:1, Sweden and Norway 8:0, Switzerland and W. Germany 8:1. The Canadian team only faced my problems with Czechoslovakia which were beaten 5:2.

The USSR had a less impressive run, but they did beat all their European opponents before facing Canada in the final game. But the Soviet's stylish play caught the fascination of the Swedish spectators and the European press. As usual, the European journalists criticized the Canadians's tough play and their arrogance, but some of them even claimed that the Communists were more open and co-operative. The USSR had won the PR war, and this even in the darkest night of the Cold War era. In order to seal their success, the USSR now only needed to topple the Canadians. They did that convincingly with a 7:2 victory.

At the time, the Europeans did not really recognise that Canada's was represented by a third rank team. For this reason, the result did not go unnoticed in Canada. The result was a catastrophe for Canada's pride, and it prompted Conn Smyth to call for a NHL team to be send to Moscow after the NHL playoffs to restore Canada's pride and supremacy. Little did he know that the Soviet Union did not have an indoor rink at the time (the first one, Luzhiki, was built in 1957). Playing in the Russian spring was impossible.

In 1955, Canada (represented by Penctinton Vees) rebounded by beating the Soviets 5:0 in the final game. But in 1956, USSR came back to win its first olympic gold medal. This made the Soviet top hockey officials confident that USSR would win the world championships at home in Moscow in 1957 -- the year that celebrating the 40th anniversary of the Russian revolution.
As it turned out, the event was a disaster the the Soviet team. The team went unbeaten, but they needed to beat Sweden in the final game to win the gold. After two periods, USSR was in front 4:2 but in the 3rd period, Sweden managed to tie the gold. The Soviets had to settle for silver.

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